<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<metadata>
  <idinfo>
    <citation>
      <citeinfo>
        <origin>AtkinsRealis USA, Inc.</origin>
        <pubdate>20241231</pubdate>
        <title>Data Capture Terrain Submission for Brady, TX - HUC 12090110</title>
        <edition>Version 2.7.5.6</edition>
        <geoform>FEMA-DCS-Terrain</geoform>
        <pubinfo>
          <pubplace>Washington, DC</pubplace>
          <publish>Federal Emergency Management Agency</publish>
        </pubinfo>
        <onlink>http://hazards.fema.gov</onlink>
        <lworkcit>
          <citeinfo>
            <origin>Federal Emergency Management Agency</origin>
            <pubdate>20241231</pubdate>
            <title>FEMA CASE 22-06-0047S</title>
          </citeinfo>
        </lworkcit>
      </citeinfo>
    </citation>
    <descript>
      <abstract>Terrain data, as defined in FEMAs Guidelines and Standards for Flood Risk Analysis and Mapping, describe the digital topographic data that were used to create the elevation data representing the terrain environment of a watershed and/or floodplain. Terrain data requirements allow for flexibility in the types of information used to produce final terrain deliverables. Submission of the terrain data sources allows FEMA to account for the origins of the flood study elevation data. (Source: FEMA Guidelines and Standards for Flood Risk Analysis and Mapping.)</abstract>
      <purpose>Terrain data are used to represent the topography of a watershed and/or floodplain environment and to extract useful information for hydraulic and hydrologic models. (Source: FEMA Guidelines and Standards for Flood Risk Analysis and Mapping)</purpose>
    </descript>
    <timeperd>
      <timeinfo>
        <sngdate>
          <caldate>20241231</caldate>
        </sngdate>
      </timeinfo>
      <current>MIP Submission Date</current>
    </timeperd>
    <status>
      <progress>In work</progress>
      <update>Unknown</update>
    </status>
    <spdom>
      <bounding>
        <westbc>-103.876946</westbc>
        <eastbc>-95.254664</eastbc>
        <northbc>34.468823</northbc>
        <southbc>26.962241</southbc>
      </bounding>
    </spdom>
    <keywords>
      <theme>
        <themekt>ISO 19115 Topic Category</themekt>
        <themekey>elevation</themekey>
      </theme>
      <theme>
        <themekt>FEMA NFIP Topic Category</themekt>
        <themekey>Land Surface</themekey>
        <themekey>Relief</themekey>
        <themekey>Topography</themekey>
        <themekey>Digital Elevation Model</themekey>
        <themekey>Elevation Data</themekey>
        <themekey>Slope</themekey>
        <themekey>LIDAR</themekey>
        <themekey>Breaklines</themekey>
        <themekey>Contours</themekey>
        <themekey>DEM</themekey>
        <themekey>Flow Vectors</themekey>
        <themekey>Bare Earth</themekey>
        <themekey>TIN</themekey>
        <themekey>Triangulated Irregular Network</themekey>
        <themekey>Hydro Enforced DEM</themekey>
      </theme>
      <place>
        <placekt>None</placekt>
        <placekey>REGION 6</placekey>
        <placekey>STATE TX</placekey>
        <placekey>COUNTY CONCHO</placekey>
        <placekey>COUNTY-FIPS 48095</placekey>
        <placekey>COMMUNITY CITY OF EDEN</placekey>
        <placekey>FEMA-CID 480763</placekey> 
        <placekey>COMMUNITY LIVE OAK COUNTY</placekey>
        <placekey>FEMA-CID 481179</placekey> 
        <placekey>COUNTY MCCULLOCH</placekey>
        <placekey>COUNTY-FIPS 48307</placekey>
        <placekey>COMMUNITY CITY OF BRADY</placekey>
        <placekey>FEMA-CID 480455</placekey>
        <placekey>COMMUNITY TOWN OF MELVIN</placekey>
        <placekey>FEMA-CID 480924</placekey>
        <placekey>COUNTY MENARD</placekey>
        <placekey>COUNTY-FIPS 48327</placekey>
        <placekey>COUNTY SANSABA</placekey>
        <placekey>COUNTY-FIPS 48095</placekey>
        <placekey>HYDROLOGIC UNIT 12090110</placekey>
      </place>
    </keywords>
    <accconst>None</accconst>
    <useconst>Acknowledgement of FEMA would be appreciated in products derived from these data. These digital data are produced for the purposes of updating/creating a FIRM Database.</useconst>
    <ptcontac>
      <cntinfo>
        <cntorgp>
          <cntorg>Federal Emergency Management Agency</cntorg>
        </cntorgp>
        <cntaddr>
          <addrtype>mailing</addrtype>
          <address>500 C Street, S.W.</address>
          <city>Washington</city>
          <state>District of Columbia</state>
          <postal>20472</postal>
          <country>USA</country>
        </cntaddr>
        <cntvoice>1-877-336-2627</cntvoice>
        <cntemail>miphelp@riskmapcds.com</cntemail>
      </cntinfo>
    </ptcontac>
    <native>ArcGIS software was utilized in order to create a digital surface model for the Brady HUC 8 Watershed project area. The LiDAR datasets were added to a mosaic dataset and prioritized using the data's age and accuracy. The mosaic dataset was exported to make a seamless bare earth 5-foot DEM for mapping and modeling according to the model area extents, including a 1,000-meter buffer. 
A 5-meter DEM was used during the stream centerlines creation. Stream centerlines were auto-generated using Python scripts and the 5-meter DEM for the 0.5 square mile drainage area. The streams were manually edited using the 5-meter DEMs as a source for horizontal alignment and vertical elevation. These stream centerlines were created for use in the hydraulic analysis. The final streams were delivered with the BFE deliverable.</native>
  </idinfo>
  <dataqual>
    <attracc>
      <attraccr>DEM files are the source dataset. Accuracy reports were acquired and confirmed the accuracy of the DEMs was sufficient for use in this project.</attraccr>
    </attracc>
    <logic>Checks were performed to ensure the data files can be opened, are georeferenced properly, and cover the geographic area completely. Additionally, field survey checkpoints are obtained to evaluate the accuracy of LiDAR products. As specified in the American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing (ASPRS) Positional Accuracy Standards for Digital Geospatial Data, checkpoints in vegetated and non-vegetated areas are tested in a project area. A statistical analysis between the difference in elevations of the field survey checkpoints and LiDAR-derived, bare earth elevations at the same locations provides a quality assessment of the LiDAR data.</logic>
    <complete>The bare earth surface data is an estimation of the bare earth surface and does not include vegetative and built features.  Likewise, it contains estimates of water edges at the time of data collection, and may not reflect current conditions. The bare earth surface will contain voids where insufficient energy was reflected from the surface to generate a valid return from the terrain.  Voids in the bare earth surface tend to occur in heavily vegetated areas, water bodies, and beneath buildings, motor vehicles, bridges etc. Fresh or wet asphalt, wet sand and certain types of vegetation can also cause voids or anomalous elevations.  The data may have been further processed to remove points found to be within delineated water bodies. Low confidence areas are delineated and provided in a separate dataset.</complete>
    <posacc>
      <horizpa>
        <horizpar>The LiDAR data horizontal accuracy is in compliance with the National Standard for Spatial Data Accuracy (NSSDA) RMSE estimation of elevation data in support of 2-ft contour mapping products as it is referenced in the FEMA Guidelines and Standards for Flood Risk Analysis and Mapping.</horizpar>
      </horizpa>
      <vertacc>
        <vertaccr>The 1-meter DEM is comprised of the following data sets with their computed vertical accuracy of 3.8-04.9 cm RMSEz at the 95 percent confidence level.</vertaccr>
        <qvertpa>
          <vertaccv>0.038</vertaccv>
          <vertacce>Vertical accuracy assessment for the various sources was calculated according to ASPRS and NSSDA specifications.</vertacce>
        </qvertpa>
      </vertacc>
    </posacc>
    <lineage>
      <srcinfo>
        <srccite>
          <citeinfo>
            <origin>USGS</origin>
            <pubdate>20200716</pubdate>
            <title>2019 Hurricane LiDAR</title>
          </citeinfo>
        </srccite>
        <typesrc>digital</typesrc>
        <srctime>
          <timeinfo>
            <sngdate>
              <caldate>20200716</caldate>
            </sngdate>
          </timeinfo>
          <srccurr>Ground Conditions</srccurr>
        </srctime>
        <srccitea>TOPO1</srccitea>
        <srccontr>This USGS LiDAR project covers portions of McCulloch and San Saba Counties, Texas within the Brady HUC8 study area. This USGS lidar project covers portions of 45 counties in the central to coastal regions of Texas. The acquisition was conducted from January 4, 2019, through February 20, 2019. Fugro served as the prime contractor for the project and was responsible for planning, acquiring, processing, and producing derivative products of high resolution lidar data (QL2) over the project area. The U.S Geological Survey’s (USGS) Hurricane LiDAR dataset captured in 2019 contains data for 14,512 mi2 across 45 counties in Texas. In the Brady watershed, this dataset includes parts of McCulloch and San Saba counties. The vertical accuracy (RMSEz, or root mean square error in the z direction) of this dataset, is 3.8 centimeters (cm). The native cell size of the data is 1 square meter (m2).  </srccontr>
      </srcinfo>
      <srcinfo>
        <srccite>
          <citeinfo>
            <origin>USGS</origin>
            <pubdate>20180318</pubdate>
            <title>Lower Colorado San Bernard LiDAR</title>
          </citeinfo>
        </srccite>
        <typesrc>digital</typesrc>
        <srctime>
          <timeinfo>
            <sngdate>
              <caldate>20180318</caldate>
            </sngdate>
          </timeinfo>
          <srccurr>Ground Conditions</srccurr>
        </srctime>
        <srccitea>TOPO2</srccitea>
        <srccontr>This USGS LiDAR project covers McCulluch and Menard Counties, Texas within the Brady HUC8 study area. This USGS lidar collection spans across 26 counties in the south central Texas region. Data was collected and processed by Merrick-Surdex Joint Venture, LLP (Merrick-Surdex JV). Data acquisition occurred February 12, 2018, through April 22, 2018; approximately 17,942 square miles were covered. The project was funded by a federal consortium of partners to support the 3DEP mission, the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Risk Mapping, Assessment, and Planning (MAP) program and the Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) high resolution elevation enterprise program. The USGS’s Lower Colorado San Bernard River LiDAR dataset captured in 2018 contains data for 17,942 square mi2 across 26 counties in Texas. In the Brady watershed, this dataset includes parts of McCulloch and Menard counties. The vertical accuracy (RMSEz) of this dataset is 4.9 cm. The native cell size of the data is 1 m2. Using NSSDA methodology, the horizontal accuracy at the 95 percent confidence level was reported as +/- 42.8 cm (target was 100 cm).</srccontr>
      </srcinfo>
      <srcinfo>
        <srccite>
          <citeinfo>
            <origin>USGS</origin>
            <pubdate>20180814</pubdate>
            <title>Texas West Central LiDAR</title>
          </citeinfo>
        </srccite>
        <typesrc>digital</typesrc>
        <srctime>
          <timeinfo>
            <sngdate>
              <caldate>20180814</caldate>
               </sngdate>
          </timeinfo>
          <srccurr>Ground Conditions</srccurr>
        </srctime>
        <srccitea>TOPO3</srccitea>
        <srccontr>This USGS LiDAR project covers Concho, McCulluch and Menard Counties, Texas within the Brady HUC8 study area. This USGS lidar project covers portions of 70 counties across west Texas and northern central Texas. The acquisition was conducted from February 1, 2018, thru May 27, 2018. Reflights were collected on November 5, 2018. Dewberry served as the prime contractor for the project. In addition to project management, Dewberry was responsible for LAS classification, all lidar products, breakline production, Digital Elevation Model (DEM) production, and quality assurance. The USGS’s Texas West Central LiDAR captured in 2018 contains data for 42,557 mi2 across 70 counties in Texas. In the Brady watershed, this dataset includes parts of Concho, McCulloch, and Menard counties. The vertical accuracy (RMSEz) of this dataset is 4.7 cm. The native cell size of the data is 1 m2. Using NSSDA methodology, the horizontal accuracy at the 95 percent confidence level was reported as 61 ncm (target was 100 cm).</srccontr>
      </srcinfo> 
     <procstep>
        <procdesc>Terrain data used for flood risk analysis go through LiDAR preliminary processing and the unclassified point cloud data are tested as specified in the USGS National Geospatial Program Base LiDAR Specification Version 1.0. Where the Mapping Activity Statement (MAS) requires bare earth post-processing of the floodplain area of interest (AOI), the elevation data are tested and comply with both the Fundamental Vertical Accuracy (FVA) and Consolidated Vertical Accuracy (CVA) requirements. Where no bare earth post-processing is specified, only the FVA requirements apply for LiDAR preliminary processing. The processing of this leveraged data was performed in State Plane Lambert Conformal Conic, Texas North Central Zone (projection), 4202 (projection zone). The FEMA spatial files required are submitted in the Geographic Coordinate System (GCS).</procdesc>
        <procdate>20220805</procdate>
      </procstep>
    </lineage>
  </dataqual>
  <spref>
    <horizsys>
      <geograph>
        <latres>7.8441500000000005e-008</latres>
        <longres>7.8441500000000005e-008</longres>
        <geogunit>Decimal degrees</geogunit>
      </geograph>
      <geodetic>
        <horizdn>North American Datum of 1983</horizdn>
        <ellips>Geodetic Reference System 80</ellips>
        <semiaxis>6378137.0</semiaxis>
        <denflat>298.257222101</denflat>
      </geodetic>
    </horizsys>
    <vertdef>
      <altsys>
        <altdatum>North American Vertical Datum of 1988</altdatum>
        <altres>0.0001</altres>
        <altunits>feet</altunits>
        <altenc>Attribute values</altenc>
      </altsys>
    </vertdef>
  </spref>
  <eainfo>
    <detailed>
      <enttyp>
        <enttypl>S_Submittal_Info</enttypl>
        <enttypd>A spatial data set consisting of polygons depicting the extents of the studied area.</enttypd>
        <enttypds>FEMA FIRM Database Technical Reference (available at http://www.fema.gov/guidelines-and-standards-flood-risk-analysis-and-mapping and on the FEMA Risk MAP Knowledge Sharing Site).</enttypds>
      </enttyp>
    </detailed>
    <detailed>
      <enttyp>
        <enttypl>Bare Earth DEM</enttypl>
        <enttypd>An elevation model where bare-earth elevation values have regularly spaced intervals in latitude and longitude (x and y).</enttypd>
        <enttypds>FEMA Guidelines and Standards for Flood Risk Analysis and Mapping (available at http://www.fema.gov/guidelines-and-standards-flood-risk-analysis-and-mapping and on the FEMA Risk MAP Knowledge Sharing Site)</enttypds>
      </enttyp>
    </detailed>
    <overview>
      <eaover>The Terrain data package is made up of several data themes containing primarily spatial information. These data supplement the elevation datasets by providing additional information to aid flood risk evaluation and flood hazard area delineations.</eaover>
      <eadetcit>FEMAs Guidelines and Standards for Flood Risk Analysis and Mapping contains a detailed description of the data themes and references to other relevant information.</eadetcit>
    </overview>
  </eainfo>
  <distinfo>
    <distrib>
      <cntinfo>
        <cntorgp>
          <cntorg>FEMA, Mapping Information Platform</cntorg>
        </cntorgp>
        <cntaddr>
          <addrtype>mailing</addrtype>
          <address>500 C Street, S.W.</address>
          <city>Washington</city>
          <state>District of Columbia</state>
          <postal>20472</postal>
          <country>USA</country>
        </cntaddr>
        <cntvoice>1-877-336-2627</cntvoice>
        <cntemail>miphelp@riskmapcds.com</cntemail>
      </cntinfo>
    </distrib>
    <distliab>No warranty expressed or implied is made by FEMA regarding the utility of the data on any other system nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty.</distliab>
    <stdorder>
      <digform>
        <digtinfo>
          <formname>FEMA-Terrain-Capture</formname>
        </digtinfo>
        <digtopt>
          <onlinopt>
            <computer>
              <networka>
                <networkr>http://hazards.fema.gov</networkr>
              </networka>
            </computer>
          </onlinopt>
        </digtopt>
      </digform>
      <fees>Contact Distributor</fees>
    </stdorder>
  </distinfo>
  <metainfo>
    <metd>20220805</metd>
    <metc>
      <cntinfo>
        <cntperp>
          <cntper>MIPHelp</cntper>
          <cntorg>Federal Emergency Management Agency</cntorg>
        </cntperp>
        <cntaddr>
          <addrtype>mailing</addrtype>
          <address>500 C Street, S.W.</address>
          <city>Washington</city>
          <state>District of Columbia</state>
          <postal>20472</postal>
          <country>USA</country>
        </cntaddr>
        <cntvoice>1-877-336-2627</cntvoice>
        <cntemail>miphelp@riskmapcds.com</cntemail>
      </cntinfo>
    </metc>
    <metstdn>FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata</metstdn>
    <metstdv>FGDC-STD-001-1998</metstdv>
    <metextns>
      <onlink>http://hazards.fema.gov</onlink>
      <onlink>http://www.epsg.org</onlink>
      <metprof>FEMA NFIP Metadata Content and Format Standard</metprof>
    </metextns>
  </metainfo>
</metadata>

